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<title>Glycogenin</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Glycogenin</span></h1>

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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Glycogenin

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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">349 Aminosäuren

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<td><a href="Sekund%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Sekundärstruktur">Sekundär-</a> bis <a href="Quart%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Quartärstruktur">Quartärstruktur</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Homodimer

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<td><a href="Koenzym" class="mw-redirect" title="Koenzym">Kofaktor</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Mangan

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<td><a href="Isoform" title="Isoform">Isoformen</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">GN-1L, GN-1, GN-1S, GN-2α, GN-2β, GN-2γ, GN-2δ, GN-2ε, GN-2ζ

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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner

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<td>Gen-Name(n)

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<td>Externe IDs

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<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P46976">P46976</a></li></ul>

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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Enzymklassifikation

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<td><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC, Kategorie</a>

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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brenda-enzymes.org/enzyme.php?ecno=2.4.1.186">2.4.1.186</a>, <a href="Glycosyltransferase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycosyltransferase">Glycosyltransferase</a>

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<td>Reaktionsart

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Übertragung eines Glucose-Rests

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<td>Substrat

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Glucosyl<sub>n</sub>-Glycogenin + UDP-Glucose (n=0-12)

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<td>Produkte

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Glucosyl<sub>n+1</sub>-Glycogenin + UDP

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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen

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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P46976">Glycogenin</a>

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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="Pilze" title="Pilze">Pilze</a>/<a href="Vielzeller" title="Vielzeller">Vielzeller</a>

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</p><p><b>Glycogenine</b> sind <a href="Enzym" title="Enzym">Enzyme</a>, die sich selbst <a href="Glucose" title="Glucose">Glucose</a>-Reste anhängen – die Polysaccharidkette kann bis zu 13 Glucoseeinheiten lang werden. Diese Reaktion ist notwendig, um die Erzeugung langkettiger <a href="Polysaccharide" title="Polysaccharide">Polysaccharide</a>, insbesondere <a href="Glykogen" title="Glykogen">Glykogen</a>, in Gang zu bringen, denn das Enzym <a href="Glykogen-Synthase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glykogen-Synthase">Glykogen-Synthase</a> kann nur arbeiten, wenn bereits kurze Ketten vorhanden sind. Glycogenine gibt es in <a href="Pilze" title="Pilze">Pilzen</a> und <a href="Vielzeller" title="Vielzeller">Vielzellern</a>. Menschen haben zwei <a href="Homolog_(Biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homolog (Biologie)">homologe</a> <a href="Gen" title="Gen">Gene</a>, die jeweils mehrere <a href="Isoform" title="Isoform">Isoformen</a> des Enzyms ermöglichen, die in verschiedenen Gewebetypen lokalisiert sind. Glycogenin ist fest an <a href="Glycogensynthase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycogensynthase">Glycogensynthase</a> gebunden, kann also als ihr <a href="Coenzym" class="mw-redirect" title="Coenzym">Kofaktor</a> bezeichnet werden. <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> im <i>GYG1</i>-Gen sind für eine erbliche <a href="Glykogenspeicherkrankheit" title="Glykogenspeicherkrankheit">Glykogenspeicherkrankheit</a> verantwortlich.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Katalysierte_Reaktionen">Katalysierte Reaktionen</h2></div>

<p>Glycogenin + <span typeof="mw:File"></span>  <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \longrightarrow }">

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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4ffb6a294b21bebe64570c4088d77a884dec95ab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.806ex; height:1.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \longrightarrow }" loading="lazy"></span><br>

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</p><p>Glycogenin katalysiert die Addition von Glucose an sich selbst, indem es die erste <a href="UDP-Glucose" title="UDP-Glucose">UDP-Glucose</a>, gebildet aus <a href="Uridintriphosphat" title="Uridintriphosphat">UTP</a> und Glucose-1-phosphat, an den Tyr-194-Rest seines <a href="Aktives_Zentrum" title="Aktives Zentrum">aktiven Zentrums</a> bindet. Dabei entsteht <a href="Uridindiphosphat" title="Uridindiphosphat">UDP</a>.

</p><p><span typeof="mw:File"></span> + <span typeof="mw:File"></span> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \longrightarrow }">

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</p><p>Danach reiht das Enzym weitere Glucosereste bis zu einem gewissen Limit (ca. 5-13) an, ab dessen Erreichen die <a href="Glycogensynthase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycogensynthase">Glycogensynthase</a> die weitere Polymerisation übernimmt. Das Glycogenin bleibt an der Glycogenkette gebunden. Nach eventuellem Abbau der Kette steht das Enzym als Keimzelle für erneute Glycogensynthese zur Verfügung, d. h., es wird nicht mit abgebaut.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Insulin" title="Insulin">Insulin</a></li>

<li><a href="Blutzucker" title="Blutzucker">Blutzucker</a></li>

<li><a href="Glykogenspeicherkrankheit" title="Glykogenspeicherkrankheit">Glykogenspeicherkrankheit</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikibooks"></span></span></div><b><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Biochemie_und_Pathobiochemie:_Glycogensynthese" class="extiw external" title="b:Biochemie und Pathobiochemie: Glycogensynthese">Wikibooks: Biochemie und Pathobiochemie: Glycogensynthese</a></b> – Lern- und Lehrmaterialien</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P46976">P46976</a>, <a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O15488">O15488</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Skurat AV, Dietrich AD, Roach PJ: <cite style="font-style:italic">Interaction between glycogenin and glycogen synthase</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Arch. Biochem. Biophys.</cite> 456. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Dezember 2006, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>93–7</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2006.09.024">10.1016/j.abb.2006.09.024</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17055998?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17055998</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1769445/">PMC 1769445</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Glycogenin&rft.atitle=Interaction+between+glycogenin+and+glycogen+synthase&rft.au=Skurat+AV%2C+Dietrich+AD%2C+Roach+PJ&rft.date=2006-12&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.abb.2006.09.024&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Arch.+Biochem.+Biophys.&rft.pages=93-7&rft.pmc=1769445&rft.pmid=17055998&rft.volume=456.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hurley TD, Walls C, Bennett JR, Roach PJ, Wang M: <cite style="font-style:italic">Direct detection of glycogenin reaction products during glycogen initiation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Biochem._Biophys._Res._Commun." class="mw-redirect" title="Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.">Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.</a></cite> 348. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, September 2006, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>374–8</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.106">10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.106</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16889748?dopt=Abstract">PMID 16889748</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1635985/">PMC 1635985</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Glycogenin&rft.atitle=Direct+detection+of+glycogenin+reaction+products+during+glycogen+initiation&rft.au=Hurley+TD%2C+Walls+C%2C+Bennett+JR%2C+...&rft.date=2006-09&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.bbrc.2006.07.106&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Biochem.+Biophys.+Res.+Commun.&rft.pages=374-8&rft.pmc=1635985&rft.pmid=16889748&rft.volume=348.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson RJ, Gusba JE, Robinson DL, Graham TE: <cite style="font-style:italic">Glycogenin protein and mRNA expression in response to changing glycogen concentration in exercise and recovery</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.</cite> 292. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>6</span>, Juni 2007, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>E1815–22</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00598.2006">10.1152/ajpendo.00598.2006</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17311895?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17311895</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Glycogenin&rft.atitle=Glycogenin+protein+and+mRNA+expression+in+response+to+changing+glycogen+concentration+in+exercise+and+recovery&rft.au=Wilson+RJ%2C+Gusba+JE%2C+Robinson+DL%2C+...&rft.date=2007-06&rft.doi=10.1152%2Fajpendo.00598.2006&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Am.+J.+Physiol.+Endocrinol.+Metab.&rft.pages=E1815-22&rft.pmid=17311895&rft.volume=292.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>

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